By Sr Teresa Hayward (RN, RM, Lactation consultant, Infant & Paediatric Nutritionist, Baby Sleep Consultant)
Answers to Common Questions When Babies Start Solids
1. When do you know your child is ready to start solids?
Depending on who you ask, you will get many different answers to this question. From a developmental standpoint, if your child is able to sit independently, they are ready for solid foods. When a child can sit, they can reach their arms forward to grab objects to bring to their mouth. This is essential when learning to eat. They will also have the appropriate head control needed to start moving their tongue around to explore new foods. You’ll also want to make sure your baby is showing interest by grabbing towards your food and/or looking towards your mouth to ensure that mealtime is a positive experience. Other things we look at if your baby is younger than 6months, is have they doubled their birth weight or weigh more than 7kg, and are they drinking more than 1000mls a day is bottle fed, or if breastfed, have they increased their number of feeds per day
If your baby is not showing all of the signs of readiness, and they and they are under 6months, do not start solids, no matter who tells you to do so, even your paediatrian. It will only cause problems for you and baby
2. What’s the difference between baby-led weaning (BLW) and puree feeding?
Another hot debate in the feeding world is whether you should be doing baby-led weaning (BLW) or puree feeding when starting solids. Personally, I like a combination of the two. Baby-lead weaning provides foods in their natural form for children to explore, pick up, and bring to their mouths to eventually eat. (I say “eventually” because this is a process in which the immediate result is rarely nutritive, but rather an experience with food).It ensures that your child has exposure to a variety of flavours and textures.
Purée feeding is done using store bought or homemade purees These foods are presented by a spoon to introduce new flavours while gradually increasing textures. In general, puree feeding begins with single flavoured smooth textures, then advances to flavour combinations of the same texture, followed by thicker and chunkier consistencies.
3. What are the best foods to start with?
Every family has its own dietary preferences, so no one food is best. With that being said, some foods are popular first foods due to their taste, texture, and ease of preparation. These foods include items that mash easily, such as avocados, sweet potatoes or other orange vegetables. Because the flavour of these foods is sweet but not too sweet, they are a great way to introduce your child to new tastes, whether doing baby-led weaning or purée feeding. When choosing foods, keep in mind your “end goal” or what your family eats regularly.
4. How do I introduce meat?
Many people get nervous about introducing meat. It may seem counter-intuitive, but when first giving your child meat when using a BLW approach, the bigger, the better. This means that the meat should be about two fingers thick for babies who are just starting out, which means it is big enough for your baby to pick up and hold but too big to choke on. Babies can begin to experiment with meat any time after7 months of age.
5. Should my baby be using a spoon?
Spoon feeding is a great way for babies to develop fine motor skills and strengthen oral motor control. The trick is using the correct spoon in the correct way. When spoon-feeding, it is best to give your child their own spoon. They can practice bringing the utensil to their mouth. You may also decide to deliver food to your child using the spoon. When doing so, make sure to fill the spoon bowl halfway. Wait for your child to close their lips around the spoon before pulling it back to make sure they are using the muscles in their lips to strip the spoon.
6. Is it normal for my child to gag?
Gagging is a totally normal part of learning to eat. As a parent, it is helpful to know the difference between choking and gagging. And it is highly advisable to take an infant CPR class before beginning your solid journey. In simple terms, when a child is choking, they turn blue in the face and do not make any sound. A child who is gagging is red in the face and making audible sounds. When a child is gagging, it is important not to react in a way that scares your child.
7. How do I know if my child is having an allergic reaction?
It is always possible that your child may have an allergic reaction to a new food, which is why it is important to introduce only one new food at a time to monitor any potential reactions. The most common allergic reactions in babies are hives, rashes, and vomiting. Some milder symptoms could include swelling of the eyes, lips, or face. Allergic reactions occur within seconds up to minutes or hours later. Most reactions will occur within 2 hours of introducing the new food. No matter the reaction, you should immediately contact your pediatrician for the next steps.
8. What is an appropriate schedule when introducing solid foods?
When your baby first starts solids, they are going to consume very little. It is best to think of solids as an “experience” or an appetizer to be served before a regular meal. As your little one becomes more comfortable with bring food to their mouth and starts taking larger spoonfuls of food, they will start to adjust their calorie intake when they receive milk.
9. How should I prepare food when starting solids with my child?
If you follow a puree approach, you can simply take the food you would like to offer, optionally steam it to soften, and blend. You can strain the food through a sieve to take some texture out.
For baby-led weaning, foods should be presented in long, thick pieces that a child can easily grab and bring towards their mouth. As your child’s manual dexterity improves and they become more comfortable with solids, around 9-12 months, you can start to present smaller squares that your child can pick up in a pincer grasp and place in their molars for chewing.
10. How can I make sure my child gets practice chewing?
The best chewing practice is done with foods that your child is already eating. To make sure your child can chew foods, cut firm foods into long strips, as is done in the BLW approach. Help your child to place these strips on their molars, where they can bite down. (Children can still practice chewing in this way even if they don’t have molars yet!) Additionally, teething bags (mesh bags) can be filled with soft fresh fruit or steamed vegetables to help your child learn to chew if you are taking a puree approach and would like to give your child some practice before introducing other textures.
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